Apparatus for controlling the pressure of the rollers of comminuting apparatus, rolling mills, and the like



Jan. 10, 1939.

J. REICHERT 2,143,498 APPARATUS FUR CONTROLLING THE PRESSURE OF THE ROLLERS OF COMMINUT-ING APPARATUS, ROLLING MILLS. AND THE LIKE Filed July 23, 1936 E 1 ME AAA Jiieceri Patented Jan. 10, 1939 I l T E srATas APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE PRES- SURE OF THE ROLLERS OF OOMltIINUTING APPARATUS, ROLLING MILLS, AND THE LIKE Joseph Reichert, Wiesbaden, Germany Application July 23, 1936, Serial No. 92,201 In Germany July 27, 1935 1 Claim.

This invention relates to apparatus for controlling the pressure of the rollers of comminuting apparatus, rolling mills and the like.

For comminuting: or shaping substances of 5 every kind use is frequently made in the industry of rolling mills. These as a rule consist of parallel disposed or superimposed rollers or pairs of rollers, which are pressed together by screws or by screws and compression springs disposed between the roller to be pressed and the screws, the said springs serving to take up impacts. Springs may be provided at each end of the displaceable roller. Attempts have also already been made to produce the pressure by a spring common to both ends of the dlsplaceable roller. In practice however the disadvantage constantly occurs that, when pressing the rollers together, one end is more strongly pressed by the screw, or by the screw and spring, than the other,- since the only method of regulating the pressure is by feel.

It has furthermore already been proposed in the case of rollers mounted. in frames to control the pressure of the grinding rollers by hydraulic means, by connecting the movably mounted roller with hydraulically actuated plun'gers and to subject the latter to a liquid pressure which varies in accordance withthe rate of feed of the material under treatment to the grinding rollers. This procedure however has the disadvantage so that the pressing of the movable roller is effected hydraulically during the entire period of operation, which requires complicated apparatus for maintaining the aforesaid liquid pressure as well as constant supervision of the stufllng boxes of the 35 pressure cylinders, since when the latter no longer fit tight the desired pressure is no longer exerted. A further disadvantage of the use of liquid for the permanent control of the pressure also consists therein that the liquids, as is known, so are only slightly compressible, so that if a noncompressible foreign body or too much material were unintentionally to come between the grinding rollers, the hydraulically pressed movable roller would not be able to give way in the desired 45 manner.

According to this invention it has been found that the aforesaid disadvantages may be over- .come by first pressing the displaceableroller hydraulically against the stationary roller, mechanso ically maintaining the roller bearings of the displaceableJ-roller in the position, in which the desired pressure is reached, and thereafter re- I leasing the pressure liquid effecting theadjustment of the roller. In this way the pressure it liquid servesonly for the unif djust e t of the movable roller against the stationary roller, whilst in operation the desired pressure is, for example, produced by means of springs disposed on the displl'ceable roller, which springs are brought to th ;.esired tension when adjusting the 5 rollers by means of the pressure liquid. The

- pressure of the springs corresponding to the liq-' uid pressure employed may be measured by insorting a manometer in the liquid lead, so that the pressure exerted between the rollers is ex- 10 actly determined and can be adapted to the material under treatment. The described adjustment of the rollers ensures the rollers being pressed together completely uniformly, so that the considerable wear of the rollers and bearings 15 and the unnecessary consumption of power caused by. the previous non-uniform pressing together of the rollers in the rolling mills in question, as well as the non-uniform comminution or shaping of the substances under treatment are 20 avoided, and the spring-mounted bearings of the displaceable rollers ensure impacts by foreign substances or excess material being accommodated.

The apparatus for carrying out the process of 25 this invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a roller frame provided with the hydraulic pressing device according to this invention and 3 Fig. 2 is a section through the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

The method of hydraulically pressing the rollers together and the modus operandi of the said pressing device are described below in greater detail with the aid of an example.

In the oil industry in order to recover oil from oil seeds by pressing or extracting the latter are previously comminuted, for which purpose one or more crushing roller mills are frequently em- 40 .ployed. Such crushing roller'mills, as used for example for rolling out the seeds into fine leaflets, consist of two parallel disposed smooth rollers of any desired length and'any desired diameter. One roller is disposed in stationary bearings and is actuated by belt drive, whilst the other roller is disposed in displaceable bearings and is caused to rotate by the driven roller by friction or by means of gear wheels.

In order to ensure that the displaceable roller V a cylinder c mounted on the bearing covers a of the displaceable roller 1), in which cylinder an inlet pipee for the hydraulic pressing agent held by a nut d is inserted, a pressing plunger 9 connected with thebearing ,f of the displaceable roller b being slidably disposed on the said inlet pipe-;e. A compression spring h is further disposed in the cylinder 0, which spring abuts at one end against the roller bearing of the displaceable roller and at the other end against a shoulder i on the said compression plunger 9. n the end of the pressure plunger 9 opposite to the bearing, a screw t read k is provided, on which the adjusting nut can move. The entry of the compression liquid, for example water, into the plunger g, which is supplied by a small hand pump, is effected at m through the inlet pipe e. The hand pump is with advantage mounted on the outer side of one of the roller supports and is connected by a pipe line with the inlet pipes e of the two roller supports.

The adjustment of the displaceable roller b against the stationary roller n is eifected by first entirely screwing the nut l on the screw thread k of the pressure plunger g, after which liquid is forced with the aid of the hand pump into the plungers g. The plungers then become displaced on the inlet pipes e and thereby compress the springs h uniformly, whereby the desired pressure can be read off exactly on a manometer. As soon as thisis reached the two nuts I are screwed away from the plunger 9 by means of a small key which may be inserted into the holes 0 until they are disposed against the rear inner wall of the cylinder 0. The pressure liquid is then again released, one foot of the roller support being if desired constructed in the form of a reservoir. As a result of the described hydraulic pressing operation the displaceable rollers together with both bearings are pressed at exactly the desired pressure against the stationary roller. The small impacts which occur in operation are accommodated by the springs h. The actual accommodation or absorption of the impacts in this apparatus is accordingly efiected by the aforesaid springs, whilst the uniform pressing is achieved by the hydraulic displacement of the pressure plungers g. t

The principle of hydraulic pressing may be applied within the meaning of this invention to any other machine provided with displaceable counter-rollers.

What I claim is: Apparatus for pressing the roll lying in movable bearings against the stationary roll of com- -minuting machines, rolling mills and the like,

comprising a piston having a shoulder, a cylinder in which said piston reciprocates, hydraulic means for actuating said piston, a spiral spring acting-oppositely to the hydraulic pressure and supported against said shoulder and against a.

bearing of the movable roll and a nut disposed on the end of the piston directed away from the bearing whereby the adjusting of said nut fixes the distance of the piston from the cylinder head after the desired pressing pressure is attained.

JOSEPH BEICHERT. 

